Tuesday, August 25, 2020

Mentoring to Adolescents Free Essays

The accomplishment of numerous young people in their vocations can typically be tied back to other people who affected them. These young people every now and again notice mentors who were especially useful as vocation engineers. A significant number of these youths additionally notice others at high evaluations that given direction and backing to them in the advancement of their professions. We will compose a custom exposition test on Tutoring to Adolescents or then again any comparable theme just for you Request Now These mentor, counselor, and supporting instructors called guides. â€Å"Results demonstrated most understudies had a coach, and tutors were generally useful through job displaying, verbal consolation, individual help, and giving vocation direction. Sexual orientation contrasts were found on a few result factors however were not distinguished dependent on sex or ethnic match, or the nearness of a mentor† Lisa Y. Flores, Ezemenari M. Obasi; 2005). By and large, the tutor starts the relationship, yet here and there youths will move toward a likely coach for exhortation. Most coaching connections create after some time on a casual premise. In any case, in proactive associations there is an accentuation on formal tutoring plans that require the task of a guide to those workers considered for upward development in the association. Under a decent coach, learning centers around objectives, openings, desires, principles, and help with satisfying one’s potential (Starcevich and Friend, 1999). Likewise Available at http://www.indiana.edu/~busx420/Book-Excerpts/chap07.doc. Coaching jobs differ, as per need, from a professional to a relational core interest: Professional coaching jobs include: improving the subject’s abilities and scholarly turn of events; assisting with working up a lot of instructive qualities; counseling to assist the subject with elucidating objectives and methods of executing them; assisting with setting up a lot of individual and expert guidelines; and organizing and supporting by giving chances to the subject to meet different experts. These jobs help of late qualified instructors, new arrangements, and those new to center administration or headships to conform to changes in their vocation design and to progress inside the calling. Relational coaching jobs include: sharing; job demonstrating; and permitting the subject to get knowledge into how the guide functions in an expert limit. A tutor should likewise urge the subject to manufacture their self-assurance by recognizing victories. A coach is likewise an instructor who tunes in to yet doesn't guide the subject. Not all guides will satisfy these jobs, yet the more broad the jobs, the more extravagant the relationship. These jobs empower the subject to clarify their personality and to create proficient certainty and confidence. Essentially, coaching is a thought and a training that has progress in the long run in various societies and settings. Regular tutoring happens by chance in a decent variety of life settings through kinship, instructing, training and directing. ‘Planned’ tutoring includes organized projects with clear targets, where coaches and mentees are coordinated utilizing formal procedures. It is obvious; along these lines, that today there is significant disarray over its importance. The fundamental components of a tutoring relationship are A conspicuous method, formal or casual; An away from of the method and of the jobs of coach and subject; Trust, security, carefulness and a compatibility between the two gatherings; Tutors with the essential expert unwavering quality and genuineness and a scope of appropriate aptitudes, including directing, tuning in, delicate addressing, examination and giving back duties; Subjects who know about their own needs; Mentalities appropriate to the jobs of guide and coached: for example, proficient worry with respect to the tutor to challenge the subject, and the self-inspiration on the subject’s part to acutely make the important move. Coaching is an idealistic system for creating the executives abilities, while the individuals who have been liable to tutoring will have picked up from the experience a feeling of what their continuous expert advancement will involve (Leuenberger, Whitaker, and Sheldon 1993). Since an individual relationship is at the core of coaching, volunteers’ varieties and terminations can address adolescent’s vulnerabilities in manners that other, can't. In the event that immature have started to esteem the tutoring relationship and to perceive with their guides, they can feel significant dissatisfaction if the relationship doesn't advance. Such sentiments of dismissal and disillusionment can prompt an assortment of negative enthusiastic, conduct, and scholastic results (Downey Feldman, 1996). A regular perception among guides and guardians is that nearby associations with coaches can advance enhancements in adolescents’ associations with others, particularly their folks. Through continually warm and tolerating communications with their tutors, youth can begin to recognize the advantages of cozy connections and open themselves to the individuals around them, for the most part their folks. Now and again, coaches can fill in as modify local or optional connection figures, helping youth to realign their originations of themselves according to others. In different cases, coaches can go about as sounding sheets, giving models to powerful correspondence and help young people to more readily see, express, and control both their constructive and adverse feelings (Pianta, 1999). Coaching connections prompted enhancements in adolescents’ impression of their relations with their folks (i.e., more significant levels of closeness, correspondence, and trust). Those upgrades, thus, prompted hopeful changes in adolescents’ feeling of self-esteem, academic ability, and educational accomplishment. In the event that a coach sees an adolescent decidedly, that can start to change the youth’s perspective on her and can even start to change the manner in which she thinks guardians, friends, instructors, and others see her. In such cases, a mentor’s positive assessment can slowly get joined into the adolescent’s stable feeling of self. This self-examination process is encouraged by the developing capacity of young people to comprehend the world from the point of view of others and to see them from that outlook. Many lower pay youth, especially, have constrained individual contact with positive good examples outside the immediate family and accept that their chances for progress are limited (Blechman, 1992). Indeed, even among middleclass youthful teenagers, grown-up occupations and aptitudes can appear to be vague and blocked off (Larson, 2000). Coaches can fill in as solid models of accomplishment for youth, exhibiting characteristics that young people may wish to mirror, and giving preparing and data about the means important to accomplish different objectives. By watching and looking at their own presentation and that of their coaches, young people can begin to embrace new practices. This demonstrating procedure is believed to be strengthened through mentors’ backing, input, and consolation (Kemper, 1968). Youths coaching regularly intends to make understudies contemplate themselves, especially when they have a previous low confidence that can be keeping them down scholastically or result in testing practices that put them in danger of school prohibition. Upgraded confidence can be a side-effect of being caused to feel ‘special’, as opposed to ‘labeled’ as an issue, all through determination and coordinating. Confidence is likewise expected to be raised by guide practices that are non-critical, empowering, positive and tenacious over some undefined time frame. The become friends with capacity of coaching can assume a noteworthy job in raising confidence: the message is ‘this individual needs to be and is my friend’. Minority-ethnic projects that pair mentees with thriving good examples likewise regularly plan to hurl students’ confidence. The individual and social abilities objective contains such viewpoints as building the fearlessness of the mentees, which is regularly cited as a useful result of tutoring programs (Golden and Sims, 1999). The fearlessness picked up from coaching may somewhat be a result of having supported coordinated conversations with a grown-up over a significant stretch of time. Early conversation of circumstances that are to be experienced and concurring overseeing systems can construct certainty. Thus tutors regularly bolster understudies to attempt individual difficulties that license the mentees to succeed and to feel progressively certain as an impact. Tutors can too help with creating relational aptitudes, for instance, the proper behavior when welcome and meeting new individuals. In certain types of tutoring the guide has an unmistakable job to build up the fundamental abilities of the understudy. The inspirational goal is unequivocal in giving the connection among formative and subject-situated coaching. Tutors can apply their scrutinizing aptitudes to find why understudies are failing to meet expectations in specific subjects. They can give certainty understudies to put aside close to home abhorrences of specific instructors and to work more diligently in a subject as it is critical for them in their future profession. Coaches can likewise assist understudies with prevailing over the demotivating effect of negative companion pressure. Evaluations are possibly expected to improve if understudies are putting forth more attempt in class and at home, and the guide has a job in giving extra outward inspiration, just as urging understudies to want to perform better for themselves. Step by step instructions to refer to Mentoring to Adolescents, Papers

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Macbeth Themes Essay Example For Students

Macbeth Themes Essay William Shakespeare, in his disastrous play Macbeth, written in 1606, sensationalizes theunrelenting intensity of duplicity, craziness, and covetousness which at last outcomes inthe death of Macbeth. Macbeth permitted his longing to become ruler overrule hisjudgement which perfectly ended his reality. The play is full ofpestilence and set in Scotland during the eleventh century. In Macbeth,sleeplessness is a significant theme that penetrates the sensational structure. Shakespeare utilizes this exhaustion to validate the blame of Macbeth, to representsubconscious madness, and to show an anticipating of awful what might be on the horizon. Themotif serves to sensationalize the genuine outline of how the characters are handlingthe different catastrophes that happen. At first, the theme of restlessness is usedas a model of portending. For instance, in Act II, scene I, Banquo discovers ithard to rest the night Macbeth should slaughter King Duncan. This isevidence that underhanded things will happen all through the play. Besides, in ActII, scene ii, while Macbeth was slaughtering Duncan, Malcolm and Donalbain emerged intheir rest. One snickered and the other cried murder. This is theirsleeplessness anticipating on the grounds that Duncan was dead, despite the fact that the brothersdid not know it yet. Shakespeares utilization of the restlessness theme asforeshadowing permits the peruser to get an idea of what underhandedness will come in thefuture. In ad dition to the fact that Shakespeare uses restlessness for hinting he alsouses it as a method of blame. For instance, in Act II, scene ii, Macbeth thinks hehears a voice say, Sleep no more! Macbeth murders rest! This isMacbeth envisioning voices, advising him not to rest since he is feeling immoraland subject for Duncans murder. Next, Macbeth is hesitant to rest peacefullybecause he realizes that Duncan is in anxious ecstasy(Act III, scene ii). Obviously, Macbeth knows about his bad behavior and feels chargeable that he isking and invigorated, yet just at the penance of Duncan. By utilizing blame to showsleeplessness, Shakespeare shows that a degenerate wrongdoing can just leave the mindunsure and unfit to rest. The most critical part of this theme, however,is how it is utilized to exhibit the madness of Macbeth and his significant other. Forinstance, in Act II, scene iv, Macbeth is at supper with Lennox, Ross, and otherlords. He sees phantoms and is clearly crazy. This demonstrates all the sleepin the world would never free Macbeth from his wrongdoing, he is now decimated. Inaddition, Lady Macbeth rest strolls and fantasizes a spot of blood on her handsin Act V, scene I. This demonstrates she has gone insane also. She can't sleepbecause she is attempting to expel the spot, which speaks to blame. The solid useof madness as a moving power in the play makes the peruser comprehend thatMacbeth and Lady Macbeth can't free themse lves of their insidious deeds. The playdemonstrates that the inner mind can permit detestable things to happen. Thesleeplessness theme is noteworthy in light of the fact that it shows how the characters in theplay manage their burdens. The ghostly utilization of restlessness added to the guiltof the characters, the hinting of insidiousness provided a dull sensation, and theirony of madness indicated that the characters spirits couldn't deal with thecalamitous circumstances. Macbeth couldn't rest since he was too coerce ridden,which in the long run drove him to the limit. Macbeths destiny, predicted bythe witches, at last got up to speed to him and after his startlingly sleeplessnights, he was presently fascinated by the unceasing rest called passing.

TD 4 MGT- 412 Employee Benefits Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

TD 4 MGT-412 Employee Benefits - Essay Example Tom Baker and Jonathan Simon consolidate the thoughts of various writers and present them as a book to manage the changing society of protection and hierarchical obligation. The discourses introduced in this book talks about the critical changes in protection including the extension of the social protection segment, propelled government managed savings program, at that point arrangement of projects, for example, Medicaid, Medicare, and cataclysmic event protection, (Baker and Simon, 2002). The Employee Benefits Law Report (2015), it uncovers a genuine discussion about Obamacare and scrutinizing the usefulness of Affordable Care Act. The American Supreme Court decided a case between King v. Burwell, that raised the issue the organization of the wordings in the collection of ACA suggest that sponsorships payable by the state to take care of the expense of social insurance are just possible to those living in the U.S and have framed their human services trades. The plaintiff’s contentions were that the endowments ought not be given to residents who have set up their clinical consideration trades. The worry, for this situation, is the a huge number of Americans would lose clinical spread in the event that they lose the privilege to the appropriations. Mchugh, R. (2015). Worker Benefits Law Report | Reporting on Recent Trends and Developments Affecting Employee Benefits. Employeebenefitslawreport.com. Recovered 5 April 2015, from

Friday, August 21, 2020

College Admission Essay Topics - How to Write An Essay

College Admission Essay Topics - How to Write An EssayFor those who have taken the SAT, ACT or some other standardized tests in the past, it's likely that you're already familiar with the College Admission Essay topics. In general, the first essay that is completed after a student has applied to college requires a little bit of work, but if they learn how to do it well, then they will be able to write an impressive essay.They also need to make sure that they use the most interesting points and ideas in their essay. This is very important because they are required to have the essay to submit as a college admission essay. If they don't make the most out of their essay, then the college will not be able to accept it.The first essay that you need to learn how to write involves an argumentative topic in the form of an essay. These essays generally include your points, the conclusion, and also discussion and opinion. This makes it much easier for colleges to accept, as they can determine w hether you have actually read and understood the essay before they have read it.This is the best way to go about college admission essay topics and is what most students start out learning how to do. It is extremely important for students to learn the format and process before they actually begin writing the essay. Once they are familiar with the process, they will have a better understanding of how to go about it and know how to write the best essay.The first essay that students are required to write requires them to begin by writing a well-researched argumentation for why they should be admitted to the college. This should be based on the information that they have learned throughout the years. It's an excellent idea to research as much as possible, but they should also base their arguments on the facts and research.The College Admission Essay topics are important for many reasons, including the fact that it allows students to get all of their information out in one place, as well as compare it with what they already know. If they are not comfortable with sharing their opinions or thinking about an issue, then they shouldn't do it. The College Admission Essay topics can help to ease this transition and allow students to get over any emotional distress that may be affecting them.To learn how to write an entire essay, students need to be prepared to read and write about whatever topics they want. They need to understand what the essay is about, as well as why they should be accepted into the college. They also need to present their reasoning in a logical manner, so that they can provide the most effective argument for why they should be accepted.The College Admission Essay Topics is a great tool for students to understand what they are applying for and to also write what they know. Students who have had trouble with this, or even learned how to do it, will have an easier time getting accepted into the college that they want to attend. They should learn how to write a college admission essay and why they need to do so, so that they can be prepared for their future college experiences.

Thursday, August 6, 2020

Why Fentanyl Pain Patches Can Be Deadly

Why Fentanyl Pain Patches Can Be Deadly Addiction Drug Use Opioids Print Fentanyl Pain Patch Abuse Can Be Deadly By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Updated on October 15, 2019 Alcibiades/Wikimedia Commons/Public Domain More in Addiction Drug Use Opioids Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery The fentanyl patch is prescribed to give a slow release of a powerful opioid painkiller for people who are in pain. But it has the potential to be abused, turning it into a way of delivering a quick and dangerous high. Fentanyl is an opioid that is 100 times more potent than morphine. Fentanyl patch abuse can result in an overdose that can be fatal. Patients who are prescribed the patch must be educated to prevent misuse. How Fentanyl Patches Are Abused Because the patch is a sustained-release form of the drug, if one withdraws the 72 hours worth of drug and uses it in a form that it wasnt designed to be used for, then it can rapidly result in death, said Bruce Goldberger, Ph.D., of the University of Florida College of Medicine in a press release. Fentanyl patch abusers often extract the drug from the patches and then inject it, ingest it, or smoke it. Even used patches discarded in the trash are sought after by abusers as some drug remains in the patch. Other abusers might simply apply multiple patches at the same time. Those who abuse fentanyl are seeking a state of euphoria and relaxation common to opioid drugs. These drugs increase dopamine in the brains reward areas. Like heroin, fentanyl can also produce the effects of drowsiness, nausea, confusion, constipation, and lead to tolerance and addiction. Abusers might get the patches through prescription, by stealing them, or by buying them on the street. In some cases, they get them by scrounging through the trash of people who had a prescription and didnt dispose of them appropriately. Dangers of Fentanyl Overdose Taking a large dose of fentanyl can depress and stop breathing. You may become unconscious, go into a coma, and die. This happens because opioid receptors in the brain also control breathing. Because fentanyl is more potent than many other opioids, it is easier to misjudge how much of the drug is being taken. This is amplified if extracting it from patches and using other delivery methods. Fentanyl overdose has an antidote, naloxone, which restores normal respiration. However, it has to be used immediately and it can take higher doses of naloxone to reverse a fentanyl overdose compared to other opioids. EMTs and emergency room personnel must learn to recognize these situations. An example of the dangers was that 115 deaths in Florida were attributed to fentanyl patch abuse in 2004. Overdoses from fentanyl have continued to rise, but most deaths are due to injecting the powdered form, which is usually manufactured in clandestine laboratories rather than being diverted from legal pharmaceutical sources. The Problem Is Addiction Based on our study were recommending that physicians better educate their patients on the use of the patch, and, as a result, we might see lower numbers in fentanyl-related deaths, Goldberger said. While fentanyl patch abuse continues to be a problem, the use of illegally-manufactured powdered fentanyl is fueling even more overdoses.

Sunday, June 28, 2020

Paper Discusses The Various Types Of Economic Systems - 825 Words

Paper Discusses The Various Types Of Economic Systems (Essay Sample) Content: Types of economic systemsNameInstitutionTypes of economic systemsAn economic system is a way in which the resources of a nation ate used in the production of serviced and goods, and the way in which the distribution of these services and products to the final consumers. It must be clear on what to produce, for whom to produce and how to produce products. There are four main PAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAG EXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXPAGEXXXtypes of economic systems in the globe: market, command, mixed and traditional systems. Each of the four systems has its weaknesses and strengths, tendencies and sub-economies and a troubled history. Depending on the environment and commodities produced, some economic strategies and policies are more successful than others. Below, we compare these systems, analyzing their advantages and disadvantages.The traditional economic system is quite literally the most ancient and traditional type of economy worldwide. It is cherished because it still produces products which are a direct result of religions, customs, beliefs, and traditions. Huge portions of the world still operate under this system and these areas tend to be second or third-world, rural and closely tied to the land through farming. How ever, the population of nomadic people is becoming smaller, and whereas their economies are still traditional, they interact with other markets in trade, selling, and barter. One of the advantages of this system is that it enables the preservation of customs and traditions while it is non-existent in mixed or market economies (Pejovich, 2012). Moreover, there is also the fact that each member of the traditional economy has a more notable and distinct role, and these societies are frequently socially satisfied and tightly knit. Its main disadvantage, on the other hand, is that it does not enjoy the things which other economies take for granted, for example, centralized utilities, western medicine, and technology.The command economic system is a step up from traditional economy regarding economic advancement. One of the most notable features of the system is that a large part of it is controlled and regulated by a centralized power, mostly a federal government. It tends to develop whe n a nation possesses a tremendous amount of valuable resources. The government steps in by regulating the resources. In most cases, the states own all tools involved in the industrial process from the facilities to the equipment. It has several potential benefits if the government uses reasonable and well-calculated regulations (Gregory Stuart, 2011). First and foremost, it can to create a healthy supply of its resources and rewards it citizens with affordable prices. Unemployment is not common since the government works similarly to a market economy in growing upon its populace.The third system is known as the market economic system, which is quite similar to a free market. The government has no control over valuable goods, vital resources or any essential part of the economy. In this way, firms run by the citizens determine the running of the economy, what demands are necessary and how to generate supply is. It's most notable advantage is the separation of the government and the market, which prevents states from being too powerful, too similar and too controlling, meaning that they cannot oppress their population while living luxuriously on controlled resources. The separation of the state and the church has been vital to the social success in the US. In the same way, the separation of the state and the market has been crucial to our economic success (Gregory Stuart, 2011). Of course, there is something wary about a system that must foster constant growth to be successful, but as a result innovation and progress have o...

Saturday, May 23, 2020

Taking a Look at the Primark Profile - 1332 Words

PRIMARK PROFILE Primark is an Irish clothing retailer, operating in Australia, Belgium, Germany, Ireland (38 stores branded as Penny’s), Portugal, Spain, the Netherland and the U.K. The companys main base of operation is in Dublin and they are a supplementary of British food processing company ABF. Primark is first opened in June 1969 in Mary Street (Dublin). It became appreciable that more stores are needed and another four were added to the chain. Further extensionand success in Ireland command the move to the United Kingdom, when a large store was opened in 1971 in Belfast city center before opening 4 stores out of town in England in 1973. Derby and Bristol were the first high street stores. Competition is that of Primark sells clothes at the budget end of the market. Its main other cut-price clothing retailers such as supermarket lines which were one of the strong competitor. In 2006, Primark joined the Ethical trading initiative, a combining organization bringing together businesses, trade union and NGO’s to work on labor rights issues in their supply chains. Members of ETI committed to execute code of behavior based on the international labor organization basic trading. Now days to survive in the market it’s very important to have competitive advantage over your competitors. Strategic planning helps us to get the competitive advantage so that organization can increase their market shares and earn more profits and also accomplish their work in appropriate andShow MoreRelatedThe Business Environment Of Primark Corporation7113 Words   |  29 Pagesstrategic with the resources that they have within the industry that they are positioned. To give an insight into the background of the company â€Å"Primark opened its first store in Dublin in 1969 under the name Penneys and today operates in over 270 stores in nine countries in Europe and growing with the first US store opening in Boston in 2015† (Primark, 2015) Primark has been operating for almost fifty years developing over the years and branching out to various locations, including Europe and this yearRead MoreAnalylis Primark22310 Words   |  90 PagesPRIMARK PRIMARK Pay Less Look Good MBA 4B Shahid Ishaq Nafees Akram Shahid Rashid Rana Waheed Zafar SanaUllah Waqas Nayer Sadia Rafaqat Sana Altaf Aun Naqi Zainab Naeem 152 113 154 194 147 179 138 145 166 199 Submitted to Sir Adil Paracha Contents Executive Summary .................................................................................................................................... i Introduction.........................................................................Read MoreSuperdry Group Report3277 Words   |  14 Pagesâ€Å"Brad† leather jacket, which then went on to sell 77,000 in just 2 years. This report aims to look at Superdry as a whole, in four parts, and then finishing with a conclusion. The whole report will relate to the Boddy framework to highlight and analyse some of the current problems facing the company. Each section will aim to be around 500 words (Introduction, Part A, B, C + D, and the Conclusion), taking the report to a total of 3000 words. Part A of the report will include a brief background of theRead MoreCeecee Case Study Analysis9518 Words   |  39 Pageslittle bargaining power as they are unable to influence the price which retailers sell at. | Continuing Improvement Strategy Continuing improvement is linked in with total quality management and comprises of 14 Demings point and kaizen. CeeCee can look at improving its online services by benchmarking other companies in their strategic group. CeeCee can adapt Dell’s philosophy by customising its furniture products as it seems to be one of the slowest moving items among its offerings. * BenchmarkingRead MoreThe Current Economic Climate4301 Words   |  18 Pagesthe secondary high streets are finished, because you can t sustain a store in a market where nobody wants to shop. What could happen in a low-rent high street is that new forms of retail entertainment will spring up. (RW 2012, P.58) * â€Å"High-profile retail failures cannot be taken as indicative of the sector’s health. Consumers may be under pressure financially, but there is little sign of them cutting their spending on clothing. Retailing is a remarkably robust sector – and any retailer’s failureRead MoreMS Case Study2089 Words   |  9 Pages2004 as CEO and Chairman who set about rebuilding the company: * renewing the emphasis on value for money products, excellent customer service and friendly store environment. * renovating stores in 2005/6 * launching a marketing campaign Look behind the Label highlighting ethical and environmental aspects such as Fair Trade products, sustainable fishing and environmentally friendly dyes - the forerunner of Plan A (see below) * later in managers from outside such as CEO Marc BollandRead MoreH M a Multichannel Report Essay3429 Words   |  14 PagesAt a glance: This report looks at the key value propositions of the website http://www.hm.com and how it fares against its competitors in its online multichannel strategy. The report recommends the following changes to keep the costs down and serve its customers better. Provide online retailing to countries where the option is unavailable, especially US. Ask for gender of the customer during profile creation so that they have targeted advertisements about specific products in the home pageRead MoreEssay on Reiss Three Year Marketing Plan4683 Words   |  19 Pagesto  £12,424, which can be demonstrated in figure 3. o Opportunities †¢ E-commerce is gaining ground and customers are keener with buying clothes online. †¢ The menswear trend is moving away from formalwear and going towards more of a casual look. †¢ Older women, which partially fall into Reiss’s target market, are increasingly fashion conscious. †¢ Women and Men are increasingly becoming obese, potentially posing as an opportunity for Reiss’s designers. †¢ Department stores, which have aRead MoreInditex Case Study8764 Words   |  36 Pagesmain European markets: France, Germany, Italy , Portugal, Spain and the UK. â€Å"Online should act as a downward protection for trading news in the second half,† wrote Bernstein in a note. During the period, Inditex opened 98 stores in 29 countries, taking its footprint to nearly 5,000 stores in 76 nations around the world. Last month, it opened its first Indian shop in Delhi†. Histor y of Inditex Gr oup 2) Industria de Diseà ±o Textil (Inditex) makes disposable chic fashions that are here todayRead MoreSituation Analysis of International Marketing Environment (Marks and Spencer in Spain)3529 Words   |  15 Pageslow-cost outlets such as Kiabi or Primark, and the good performance of second-hand shops which will not have a significant change on opening MS in Spain. (Ibid) Marks and Spencer’s main competitor would be El Cortes ingles and Mercadona. Also, the Spanish retail market continues to be dominated by small, mostly family-owned companies. However, chained retailers increased in importance over the review period. In 2009, Mercadona led the Spanish retail market, taking El Corte Inglà ©s’s position. Mercadona

Tuesday, May 19, 2020

Alzheimers Disease - Progressive Neurodegenerative Disease - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1393 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/04/04 Category Medicine Essay Level High school Tags: Alzheimer's Disease Essay Did you like this example? Introduction Its very common and accounts for 60-80 percent of the dementia cases in the united states. Alzheimers is caused by the buildup of a type of plaque in the brain. It interrupts the electrical signals between neurons that normally direct thoughts and memories in the brain. The result is that the person slowly becomes more and more forgetful. A certain amount of forgetfulness is normal with aging but those suffering from Alzheimers disease develop far more disrupted thinking patterns. People suffering from AD eventually lose the ability to recognize familiar people, even family memories. Sometimes, in late stages, their personalities change also, they become paranoid, and they become completely unable to take care of themselves. There is no cure for the disease and the medications available only treat the symptoms and show no promise in slowing the progression of this disease. Previous studies on aspirin and heart health showed a link between aspirin and Alzheimers disease. These studies showed that regular use of NSAIDs, including aspirin showed the users had a 20% lesser chance of developing Alzheimers disease. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Alzheimers Disease Progressive Neurodegenerative Disease" essay for you Create order Doctors and scientists do not know what exactly causes this disease but they have a pretty good idea. The major issue seems to be a minuscule brain protein fragment called beta-amyloid. This beta amyloid is a small piece of a larger protein called amyloid precursor protein (APP). When APP is turned on to do its normal job, it is cut by other proteins into smaller sections that stay inside and outside cells. when this protein is cut, one of those cut pieces formed is beta-amyloid and when that forms into clumps it produces those dangerous amyloid plaques. Dr. Kalipada Pahan who is a professor of neurological sciences at Rush University, gather a team of professors and decided to use this connection between aspirin and Alzheimers diseases to carry out experiments that would show in depth how exactly did the aspirin help with the disease. Dr. Pahan felt that developing drugs that can reduce the amount of beta amyloid, which can in turn form amyloid plaques, is an important area of resea rch because these plaques are one of the pathological indications of this disease. Dr.Pahan and his team developed an experiment that entailed giving aspirin to mice with a mouse version of AD. He and his team genetically modified mice so that they had symptoms that resembled AD and so that they resembled the brain pathology of Alzheimers patients. They also measured the amount of beta-amyloid that built up in the brains of the mice. Dr.Pahan and his team gave aspirin to the mice by mouth for about a month then took note of how much of amyloid plaque built up in the parts of the brain affected most by Alzheimers disease. The study revealed that aspirin stimulates the waste-clearing lysosomes and reduces pathological plaque in mice. Lysosomes are supposed to be the waste deposit center for the cell. They are the bad protein clean up system inside all animals that consist of cells that capture and internalize bad proteins. The lysosomes are the components of these cells that break down the captured proteins. In the brain these lysosomes apparently lack the ability to properly do their jobs in patients of AD. Scientist assumed that these lysosomes were degrading the beta amyloid protein before it could turn into amyloid plaques but thats not the case. These lysosomes that accumulate around the plaques are uncommonly embellished wi th beta secretase. This beta secretase is the enzyme that starts the production of the beta amyloid. These nonfunctional lysosomes cannot break down the beta amyloid so the ability to increase lysosomal clearance in the brain of AD patients has come about as a very promising strategy in slowing the progression of this disease. The experiment also revealed that aspirin intake upregulated a protein called TFEB. TFEB is transcription factor EB and it is known as a key player in lysosomal biogenesis. A transcription factor is a protein that will bind to specific parts of the DNA as either and inducer or a repressor. Transcription factor EB exhibited activity that shows how its able to bond to the promoter region of autophagy genes and activate autophagosome biogenesis. The over expression of TFEB has been shown to provide positive effects in many mouse models more recently the mouse models of the most familiar genetic explanation of liver disease, the ? ±1-antitrypsin deficiency. TFEB upregulation has also been proven to reduce obesity and metabolic syndrome therefore upregulation of intracellular removal by TFEB has also been proven to be beneficial in multiple mice models. Aspirin is a commonly used medication and thru multiple test it was shown to upregulate TFEB and boost lysosomal biogenesis in brain cells. The aspirin was also shown to bring about the activation of PPAR? ± encourage the transcription of TFEB in a PPAR? ± fashion. PPAR? ± stands for peroxisome prolif erator-activated receptor ? ±. What PPAR? ± does is when activated, it functions as a ligand-activated TF to regulate the many biological processes that occur within the body. In the 1960s scientist treated a model of rats with Clofibrate, which is now used for controlling the high cholesterol level in the blood, and the outcome of this is that it showed for the first time that the Clofibrate induced peroxisome proliferation in the rats. A while after PPAR? ± was shown to control and help regulate the expression of genes involved in regulating homeostasis, immune response, cell growth and differentiation and many other functions. In the mice model for AD, PPAR? ± was proven to master regulators of metabolism which is why it is important when it comes to developing medications and treatments that can help slow the progression of Alzheimers in the elderly. Materials and Methods 7 month old male and female mice were given low dose aspirin (2 mg/kg body weight/ day) for 30days. The Mice were anesthetized with ketamine-xylazine then half of the brain from each mouse was dissected so assays can be performed on them. the brains were incubated in 4% paraformaldehyde then they were incubated in 30% sucrose overnight at 4 degrees Celsius. They were then rinsed with cold ethanol then rinsed with phosphatebuffered saline 3 times. The brains were then incubated then inspected under a fluorescent microscope. To observe the DNA-binding activity of PPAR? ±, it was analyzed using a non-radioactive electrophoretic mobility shift assay. The cells were then washed with phosphatebuffered saline the placed into tubes to go into the centrifuge for 5 minutes. They then took the supernatant and placed it in lysis buffer and ran it thru the centrifuge again. After that they took the supernatant put it in a high salt buffer then placed it in the centrifuge for 15 minutes. They then placed it on a polyacrylamide gel for 2 hours then observed it under the Odyssey Infrared Imaging System. Results It was proven that aspirin was able to increase the lysosomes in the brain and this was further proven by using an Electron microscopy which showed the different stages of autophagic vesicles in aspirin-treated astrocytes. They then wanted to know if aspirin could alter TFEB. TFEB was increased after the first treatment with the aspirin. The western blot showed larger quantities of TFEB with the different doses of aspirin. The largest increase in TFEB was shown 12 hours after the aspirin treatment was done. Majority of the TFEB activity was found in the cells surrounding the nucleus in cells compared to the control group. these results of this study showed that the aspirin activated lysosomal biogenesis by upregulating the TFEB regulator. They discovered that when PPAR? ± is present, the aspirin binds to it and triggers a domino effect causing increased nerve cell interactions in the hippocampus which is a place in the brain were memories are formed. The mice were showed to have an increased ability to learn their way thru mazes after the aspirin was administered. Even though this study has shown positives effects from the use of aspirin on the brain of the genetically modified mice, aspirin should not be used as a way to treat AD because all of the side effects are not known and its not specifically proven to help with AD. For aspirin to even help with lysosomal production the receptor for PPAR? ± need to be present in the patient. If it is not there in great numbers then the patie nt wont benefit from the aspirin at all.

Tuesday, May 12, 2020

Karl Marx s The Feminist Standpoint Essay - 1929 Words

That Nancy Hartstock should follow Karl Marx’s lead in developing her â€Å"Feminist Standpoint† - the perspective of the oppressed in a ‘phallocratic’ regime in order to describe the oppressive dynamics of the ruling gender – did not surprise me. Standpoint was the analysis that enabled Marx to accurately view and describe the exchange of values that ultimately benefits the bourgeoisie with surplus value and capital, much to the detriment of their workers (who are subsequently left to survive on subsistence-wages). Given its historic standing, political credentials, and academic regard, Marxist understanding of capital and capitalism would be the logical blueprint upon which to build a more modern analysis of similar social relations. In that regard, â€Å"The Feminist Standpoint† successfully succeeds in what it intends to achieve – to construct a unique female viewpoint from which to map out the long reach of a repressive patriarchy . As many feminist researchers have long known and advocated for, the view from the bottom-up is the one that will yield the widest view of the dominant group’s top-down subjugation (Hesse-Biber 2006). Yet, in adhering so closely to Marx’s model of dichotomous dynamics – bourgeoisie vs. proletariat, owners of the modes of production vs. workers, capitalism vs. revolution - â€Å"The Feminist Standpoint† appears to leave itself little theoretical space to imagine any nuanced interventions of its binaries. Hartstock seems content – albeit withShow MoreRelatedDorothy E. Smith1454 Words   |  6 PagesDorothy Edith Smith â€Å"Feminist Standpoint Theory and Institutional Ethnography† 1926- Dorothy E. Smith was born in North England in 1926. Dorothy E. Smith has lived a long life and commonly refers to it as â€Å"a long time ago and another world†. According to Smith, she has grown from the young woman to now due to several experiences. Smith has been employed in many different capacities such as a secretary and a clerk. In her Mid-twenties, she worked at a book publishing company. Smith attemptedRead MoreKarl Marx And The Rise Of Capitalism1911 Words   |  8 PagesKarl Marx was the first in a series of 19th and 20th century theorists who started the call for an empirical approach to social science. Theorizing about the rise of modernity accompanied by the decline in traditional societies and advocating for a change in the means of production in order to enable social justice. Marx’s theories on modernity reveals his beliefs of modern society as being influenced by the advancement of productive forces of modern industry and the relationships of pro duction betweenRead MoreThe As A Science For Emancipation871 Words   |  4 Pagesanalytic critical synthesis, which consists at presenting, discussing and debating the many contributions attributed directly to critical synthesis in order to unravel certain theoretical and conceptual nodes. More than 150 years have elapsed since Marx and Engels laid the groundwork for the materialistic theory as a science for emancipation. The reception granted to this theory was very powerful: Marxist materialism was erected as a State scientific doctrine within the Soviet bloc; it was the theoreticalRead MoreCritical Social Theory : Power, Critique And Praxis3794 Words   |  16 Pages______________________________________________________ In order to delineate the nature of power and domination in understanding contemporary society, this major essay will provide an advanced critical and comparative analysis of the social theory ideas of Karl Marx, Michel Foucault and Dorothy Smith. Resultant of such analysis, this essay will also postulate how conceptions of power and domination may be used to cultivate practices of emancipatory social change for the enhancement of individual freedoms byRead MoreDorothy Smith : The Theorist That I Chose1809 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction The theorist that I chose is Dorothy Smith. She is a well-known Marxist feminist scholar and activist (Carroll, 2010, p. 1). The reason I chose to write about Dorothy Smith is because her unique approach to feminism and women’s movements interested me, making me want to learn more about her. Biography Dorothy Smith was born in England in 1926. In her late 20’s she applied to the London School of Economics for her undergraduate studies in the hopes of getting a better secretarial jobRead MoreMarxism and Class, Gender and Race: Rethinking the Trilogy5203 Words   |  21 PagesBelkhir, Editor Introduction A taken for granted feature of most social science publications today, especially those about inequality, is the ritual critique of Marx and Marxism in the process of introducing theoretical alternatives intended to remedy its alleged failures. This practice became popular in early feminist literature: Marx and Marxists were criticized for not developing an in-depth analysis of the oppression of women, their economism, class reductionism, and sex blind categoriesRead Morebiology 125894 Words   |  24 Pagesand social resources in society. Money does matter Social Class and class relations -Socioeconomic status are important because economic resources are related to power in society, and economic inequalities influence nearly all aspects of people s lives---ïÆ'  Social class share similar life chances- they share opportunities to achieve success and gain economic power. [Social stratification] - is the concept used to refer to structured forms of economic inequalities that are part of the organizationRead MoreExistentialism vs Essentialism23287 Words   |  94 PagesThe philosophy that encompasses the absurd is referred to as  absurdism. While absurdism may be considered a branch of existentialism, it is a specific idea that is not necessary to an existentialist view. * It s easy to highlight the absurdity of the human quest for purpose. It s common to assume that everything must have a purpose, a higher reason for existence. However, if one thing has a higher purpose, what is the reason for that purpose? Each new height must then be validated by a higherRead MoreFrom Salvation to Self-Realization18515 Words   |  75 Pagesinsisted that her largest purposes were efficiency and true self-control. The emerging therapeutic ethos was a muddle of spontaneity and calculation. 37This coexistence of abundance therapy with vestigial prudence surfaced clearly in the work of Luther S. Gulick YMCA organizer, founder of the Campfire Girls, and apostle of The Efficient Life (1907). While Gulick frequently characterized health as the careful management of scarce resources, for him the efficient life was ultimately the exuberant life

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Essay on W.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington - 864 Words

W.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington Two great leaders of the African American community in the late 19th and early 20th century were W.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington. They disagreed on strategies for African American social and economic progress in the face of prejudice, poverty, and segregation: Booker T. Washington, a former slave and the founder of the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama, believed that African Americans needed to accept segregation and discrimination for the time being and concentrate on elevating themselves through hard work and material prosperity. The eventual acquisition of wealth and culture by African Americans would gradually win for them the respect and acceptance of the white community. This†¦show more content†¦Booker T. Washington, early in his life noticed that those who were considered educated were not that far removed from the conditions in which he was residing. Therefore, he disagreed with the post-emancipation ideologies of blacks who believed that freedom from slavery brought freedom from hard work. In addition, education of the head would bring even more sweeping emancipation from work with the hands. He did not want his black people to be ashamed of using their hands, but to have respect for creating something and a sense of sa tisfaction upon completion of that task. His feeling was that black Americans had to rise up out of oppression by self-improvement. He believed that Black people could not survive without the help of the white American. This belief included that the best thing for the black American to do was to learn and develop a skill for example, carpentry. These skills would transpire into a more prominent future, thus a rise in the economic ladder or social status. Washington believed that African Americans should seek a primary education, which would both supplement work and life preparation, such as: hygiene and good manners. This belief summed up in a single sentence is that through hard work, thrift, and self-help, blacks would improve their social status andShow MoreRelatedW.E.B. Du Bois vs. Booker T. Washington1344 Words   |  6 PagesA Clash of Ideologies: W.E.B. Du Bois vs. Booker T. Washington During the turn of the century, between the years 1895 and 1915 there were many theories of how African Americans were going to achieve first-class citizenship. At this time first-class citizenship was determined by at least three aspects: political power, civil rights, and the higher education of Negro youth. Two prominent black leaders arose in order to accomplish this feat. They had two different ideas for one goal. These two blackRead MoreEssay on W.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington1240 Words   |  5 PagesW.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington were two very influential leaders in the black community during the late 19th century, early 20th century. However, they both had different views on improvement of social and economic standing for blacks. Booker T. Washington, an ex-slave, put into practice his educational ideas at Tuskegee, which opened in 1881. Washington stressed patience, manual training, and hard work. He believed that blacks should go to school, learn skills, and work their way up theRead More Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois Influences on Equality594 Words   |  3 PagesBooker T. Washington once said, â€Å"Nothing ever comes to one, that is worth having, except as a result of hard work.† In the age of reconstruction and western expansion, civil rights bursted out like a bullet from a gun. Two men led the way into the civil rights movement, but in very different customs. Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois both were huge influences to civil rights, one founding what we know today as the NAACP and the other spoke of a philosophy known as the Atlanta CompromiseRead MoreThe Strategies of Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois: Uncovered1925 Words   |  8 PagesMikayla Ferchaw Pd. 4/5 DBQ for Booker T. Washington vs. W.E.B. Du Bois The Strategies of Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois: Uncovered The time period of 1877 to 1915 was a period in history when the people of the Black race were being granted a free status, but equality, on the other hand, was not an option to some higher white officials. During this time period, many leaders started to fight for what they believed in by appealing to the white governing body for social equality. TwoRead More W.E.B Du Bois vs. Booker T Washington Essay2087 Words   |  9 Pagesbe left out; Booker T. Washington and W.E.B Du Bois. They were both African-American leaders in the late 1800’s to early 1900’s, fighting for social justice, education and civil rights for slaves, and both stressed education. This was a time when blacks were segregated and discriminated against. Both these men had a vision to free blacks from this oppression. While they came from different backgrounds, Washington coming from a plantation in Virginia where he was a slave, and Du Bois coming from aRead MoreW.E.B. Du Bois vs. Booker T. Washing ton2991 Words   |  12 Pagesthe undisputed intellectual leader of a new generation of African- American, and the central authorizing figure for twentieth-century African-American thought, Du Bois was the inspiration for the literary movement known as the Harlem Renaissance. As a co-founder of the NAACP and the long-time editor of its magazine The Crisis, Du Bois nurtured and promoted many young and talented African-Americans. Underlying his controversial notion of the talented tenth, was his belief that true integrationRead MoreBooker T. Washington, W.E.B. Du Bois and John Hope Essay1286 Words   |  6 Pageswhite and black populations. Booker T. Washington, W.E.B. Du Bois and John Hope all attempted to conquer these tough issues based on their own experience and cultural influences by sharing their opinions. A well-respected African American leader named Booker T. Washington gave a speech that would be later named the Atlanta Compromise at the Cotton States and International Exposition in Atlanta on September 18, 1895 (Booker T. Washington Biography). Booker T. Washington was born in to slavery andRead MoreComparing and Contrasting the Ideolodies of Booker T. Washington and W.E.B Du Bois1053 Words   |  5 PagesWilliam Edward Burghard Du Bois and Booker Taliaferro Washington were both civil rights leaders of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Du Bois was born as a freeman in Massachusetts, he studied at Harvard University and became the first African American to earn a doctorate from Harvard. . Washington was born as a slave in Virginia, he worked in the salt mines while attending school, and later attended the Hampton Institute to learn trade skills. Although Du bois and Washington had the same goal ofRead MoreWilliam Edward Burgardt : African American Leading Sociologist, Writer , And Activist Essay713 Words   |  3 Pageswell as, a chair for the Peace information Center (Staff, 2009). Du Bois and Washington has quite the rivalry over the racial uplift. Furthermore, Brooker T. Washington was another leader of the African- American leaders of the 19th and the 20th Century (Brooker T. Washington, 2015). He was the founder of Tuskegee University (Brooker T. Washington, 2015). Brooker put himself through school, and became a teacher (Brooker T. Washington, 2015).. However, the Tuskegee University he founded focused onRead MoreBooker T.Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois Essay1184 Words   |  5 Pageswritten by W.E.B. Du Bois he said, â€Å"The sincere and passionate belief that somewhere between men and cattle God created a tertium quid, and called it a negro† (Du Bois). In the late 19th and 20th centuries a strong push for economic and social progress for African-Americans was being made. The prominent leaders of this movement amongst the Black community were Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois, however they had very differing views on how to achieve this goal (PBS.org). Washington and Du Bois essentially

Encounters with peope of different cultures Free Essays

Encounters with people of different cultures in their own countries or communities 2 3 4 5 Coping with the customs of host countries or communities, e. g. rules and courtesies that local people observe and may expect me to observe. We will write a custom essay sample on Encounters with peope of different cultures or any similar topic only for you Order Now Encountering the different customs of people from other cultures, e. g. dress, spec al occasions, etc. Adapting to the rhythm of life in other cultures, e. g. getting used to different meal times etc. Integrating with the customs or behaviour of host countries, e. g. eginning to use forms of greeting that is very different from my own. Encounters with different cultures in the host university Clarifying areas of uncertainty about university arrangements, e. g. describing what I am used to and asking what happens in the other culture. Adapting to other administrative and academic practices, e. g. using unfamiliar procedures to complete a work task. Coping with different formal ties, e. g. learning new ways of showing respect to senior colleagues from other cultures. Relating to fellow students from other cultures, e. g. learning what they like to talk about during breaks. Being aware of issues to be avoided with a different cultural group, e. g. learning what opics seem to be avoided and what the group’s views are likely to be about a current political situation. Building bridges between colleagues ot my own culture and those ot a ditterent culture, e. g. sensing that someone of my culture has said the wrong thing and explaining the misunderstanding to both sides. Section 3 A continuing record of intercultural encounters In this section you can record many kinds of intercultural experiences and encounters that you feel have helped you develop your intercultural skills. In each record, describe what happened and how this enabled you to advance your nowledge and understanding of – or attitude to – intercultural ‘events’ ( interactions with people from other cultures, etc). Date: 31109/2012 As soon I arrived at the rented place, I found out that my flatmates were both Spanish and I feared that I would be left apart due to my level of Spanish,. However, to my surprised they were both very welcoming and even try their best to understand my poor Spanish and were willing to show me around and give me very helpful tips in relation, to transportation, nightlife and food consumption. Place: Pozuelo de Alarcon The suggestions made by flatmates were quite helpful, on the next day I went to rder my student travel card wish made really easier to travel around Madrid. Their travel system is very similar London travel system which actually work base on the zones you have to move around. However, the store was closed from 12 to 14 0’clock as well as every store around. Such thing was very strange to me and as my flatmates explained it is common thing in Spain for stores to be close at such time due to their weather conditions is too hot work there for thy take a break. It is at that point were a have notice that weather conditions have a huge effect on Spain Culture. Place: Groningen University The team work experience with the guys, gave me the opportunity to improve my communication skills, because we could express one’s need, wants and opinion without offending the sensitiveness of the other guys. In addition, I believe I strengthen my Teambuilding skills, as I was the person who motivated the others. The members recognised that, and I was the point of communication between the others. From this experience I realised how much I would like to work for the Human Resources, as I believe to be able to maintain group cooperation and support, and to keep a group updated how it is moving forward to the achievement of the goals. Date: 31/10/2012 On 31/10/12 1 had a presentation to be done together with 3 more students. It was me, a Spanish girl, a Romanian guy, and a Dutch guy. The Dutch guy most of the times we had meeting was quite rude with the other guys. He wanted the work to be done, and he was actually the first not to do it. The day of the presentation, I had a small argument with him. The presentation went well, we scored 7. 2. This guy, during the conversation with our coach said that he was the best and that the other guys, us, did not have the competencies to do the presentation. Place: At first, I got really upset and offended, as he should not dear to say these bad things to his team member. Secondly, I believe he should have told us in a private conversation, as all of us were really embarrassed, and we all thought that what he was saying was not actually true. Finally, I spoke with him and he apologised about what happened with the guys and l. I hope he understood that he should not criticise others, when he is the first person who makes mistakes. Date: 03/11/2012 In these days I was reflecting how the Dutch academic semester works so differently trom the English semester. Here, every semester is made trom two periods. In each period there are at least three modules to study, therefore exams, reports, group works and presentations to do. At my university, we only have four modules for semester, whilst here there are at least six for each semester. I could see how I improved time management planning and organizational skills. Place: Groningen My skills improved because the amount of work to do was higher than my expectations. In fact, I had to develop goals for my personal achievements, and identify tasks to be accomplished. In addition, I learnt how prioritise tasks and take esponsibilities for the decisions I made. Based on the above please prepare a SWOT analysis of the stage that you believe are at in terms of cross cultural competence; (i. e. strengths and weaknesses) and where you would like to get to by January. What are the opportunities for enhancing your competence and what are the threats which may thwart your endeavours if left untackled? Studying the first semester of the second year in ESIC located in Madrid, Spain enables me to break down barriers as well as communicate and interact with people from different cultures in ways beyond no lecture room or university hall can. How to cite Encounters with peope of different cultures, Papers

Implementation of Customer Service-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about Implementing Customer Service. Answer: Introduction Profit making may be the core responsibility of any given business venture, but it is the customer service that guarantees the survival and thriving of any given business. For this reason, the West Dealership of Melbourne Car World puts customer service at the top of the pecking order of how we conduct our business (Orel Kara, 2014). Our success in this industry has mainly been attributed to the fact that we always strive to ensure that the customers who get services from us will always have another reason to have a second visit after their first experience It is for this reason that we always make an effort to improve the customer service standards every time that we think it would be necessary to improve the services that we provide to our customers (Pan Nguyen, 2015). The reports that we have received at the end of the just concluded first quarter of the financial year indicates that there are improvements that need to be made. As a result, I have reviewed some of the key areas that we need to focus on, and I have decided to come up with various changes that should be implemented to improve customer service standard here at the West Dealership of Melbourne Car World. There are three key areas of customer service that I have keenly looked at and will be areas of improvement that we will shift all our focus to. These three areas form the pillar of customer service that if we implement, we will have an easy ride in this company After sale customer service Customer inquiry service desk Customer safety I have come up with comprehensive coverage on the specific requirements in this area that should be improved, and I have also clarified the importance of implementing this improvement After Sale Customer Service Our main intention is to ensure that the relationship between our customers and this company does not come to an end immediately the customer acquired the products that we sell. We have to ensure that even after we are done dealing with the sales, we extend other services to our customers and make them come back for more (Shi He, 2014). To achieve this, I have decided that this company will offer motor vehicle services for all the vehicles that have been bought from us at a lower price. By doing this, we intend to attract more customers to buy cars from us, and at the same time, we will ensure that we improve customer loyalty and make a profit which is the main reason for the existence of the West Dealership of Melbourne Car World. Customer Inquiry Service Desk We currently have a customer service desk that if fully operational to ensure that that information about the prices of the cars that we offer is there. According to the review that I have carried concerning this particular service, its efficiency does not guarantee the customer the satisfaction that we intend to provide for them (Witell et al., 2015). As I stated in the introduction of this presentation, we are here not for business only and only mentioning the prices of the cars in the inquiry desk only shows that our main concern is to do business. I have come up with improvement on the customer inquiry service desk where our customers will get all the information that they need not just the price (Jahanshani et al., 2014). This improvement intends to provide expert information to the customer about the suitable car according to their needs. There are customers who set foot in our show rooms with no clue about what they want, the customer inquiry service desk will step in, not to convince them but to guide them. Customer Safety Providing safety tips and other road safety requirement may not be the responsibility of a car dealer like this company, but it will put up a step ahead if we strive to improve safety for our customers (Bansal Taylor, 2015). This service is under after sale services, but it specifically deals with the safety of the customers. We intend to provide customer service through providing them with safety education and other safety tools. This will make them feel like we do care for them and they are a part of this company. The Analysis of The Customer Service A close look at the performance of the customer service of this company indicates that the company customer service is not efficient. Generally, if we compare the efforts that have been put in the customer service standards to improve the sales of the company, there are no direct results to indicate that the efforts are beneficial (Goetsch Davis, 2014). The budget for the company is lower compared to the actual expenditure of the company. The sales of the company are also lower showing that there might be a possibility of customer dissatisfaction that causes the low sales. The Importance of Meeting Customer Service The main importance of meeting the required customer service standards by any given company is to ensure that the company maintains a good relationship with its customers and paint a good picture for itself. The importance of this good image from the outside acts as a point of sale for the company to beat the competition and improve the sales. The main reason that makes it important for this company to ensure that it sells well in the market is to paint a good picture of itself to the customers through the standard methods of providing customer service and also coming up with new creative ways of improving its services that will distinguish it from other companies. Therefore, it is very important for this company to consider the implementation of this element to improve on service delivery. A good example of the three improvements that I have put forward is the issue of after sale services. These services will ensure that the needs of the customers are taken care of, and also, most i mportantly, there is more profit that should be made through providing such services. Team Budget for The Second Quarter of The Financial Year For the second quarter of the financial year, the company budgets to spend more on the improvement of some of the aspects of good customer service. Discounts and product promotion are what dominated in the budget of the first quarter of the financial year. The company spent a lot of its budget focusing on this particular aspect. As a result, the company spent a lot of money, and in return, it didnt make much profit. The budget in the second quarter will focus on other customer services for example after sales services to improve the sales and also enhance the standards of customer services. Another service that will be budgeted for is to improvement of customer care service is improvement of the safety of the customer who buys products from this company Conclusion There is a big relationship between the performance of a given company and the way that company relates to its customers (Blut et a., 2015). For this reason, putting the need of the customers should be a priority for it influences the performance as seen in the analysis of the financial budget of the 1 first quarter of the financial year. Taking a look at some of the details in the budget, we come to find out that the poor customer service result is the main reason why there are few sales from the company. In conclusion, customer service is the pillar of any company that will ensure that the company shapes itself in a different way from other companies. References Orel, F. D., Kara, A. (2014). Supermarket self-checkout service quality, customer satisfaction, and loyalty: Empirical evidence from an emerging market. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 21(2), 118-129. Bansal, H. S., Taylor, S. F. (2015). Beyond service quality and customer satisfaction: investigating additional antecedents of service provider switching intentions. In Proceedings of the 1999 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference (pp. 75-82). Springer, Cham. Witell, L., Anderson, L., Brodie, R. J., Colurcio, M., Edvardsson, B., Kristensson, P., ... Wallin Andreassen, T. (2015). Exploring dualities of service innovation: implications for service research. Journal of Services Marketing, 29(6/7), 436-441. Pan, J. N., Nguyen, H. T. N. (2015). Achieving customer satisfaction through productservice systems. European Journal of Operational Research, 247(1), 179-190. Shi, Y., Prentice, C., He, W. (2014). Linking service quality, customer satisfaction and loyalty in casinos, does membership matter?. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 40, 81-91. Jahanshani, A. A., Hajizadeh, G. M. A., Mirdhamadi, S. A., Nawaser, K., Khaksar, S. M. S. (2014). Study the effects of customer service and product quality on customer satisfaction and loyalty. Blut, M., Frennea, C. M., Mittal, V., Mothersbaugh, D. L. (2015). How procedural, financial and relational switching costs affect customer satisfaction, repurchase intentions, and repurchase behavior: A meta-analysis. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 32(2), 226-229. Goetsch, D. L., Davis, S. B. (2014). Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Sad

Friday, May 1, 2020

Bonnie and Clyde free essay sample

In December 1967 Time magazine announced a ‘renaissance’ in American film culture exemplified by Bonnie and Clyde. Critically assess the film, its impact and legacy. American film industry has been having crisis since the end of World War II. However, the most severe crisis started in the post-war years and culminated in the period of the late 60s and early 70s when the Big Hollywood Studios came to the brink of bankruptcy. In 1967, when Bonnie and Clyde was produced and released, it brought the American film industry into a new era which resulted in a Hollywood renaissance that reached its peak in the mid-seventies. As a consequence, directors were suddenly became the centre of the American filmmaking industry, and several studios, such as Warner Brothers and Columbia, ‘responded by creating low-budget production units dedicated to producing the work of exciting new talents like Francis Ford Coppola, Martin Scorsese and Peter Bogdanovich. ’ (Miller, 2005) The term ‘New Hollywood’ was introduced after the success of Bonnie and Clyde. In the meantime, Bonnie and Clyde is considered as one of the first of the ‘New Hollywood’ era. New Hollywood (or also known as Hollywood Renaissance) films like Bonnie and Clyde (1967), The Graduate (1967), and Easy Rider (1969) marked symbolised a return to a truly American Cinema. Moreover, the films’ artistic sensibilities brought them closer to their European counterparts. In effect, the period of the late 60s and early 70s signalled a rebirth of the American Film and paved the way for what is now called New Hollywood. Bonnie and Clyde is an American crime film directed by Arthur Penn and was released in 1967. The film stars Warren Beatty and Faye Dunaway as the title Characters Clyde Barrow and Bonnie Parker. The film received attacks by the critics from around the globe when it first released on cinema in August. By November Bonnie and Clyde has become the most popular film of the year. According to Cook, the film has become so popular that ‘its protagonists became cult figures. Double-breasted suits and fedora hats of the type worn by Clyde were all the rage in men’s clothing, and Bonnie’s thirties hemlines temporarily banished the miniskirt from the world of women’s fashion. You could even buy transparent decals with which to simulate bullet holes on the windshield of your car in imitation of a famous shot from the film. ’ (Cook, 1981) Bonnie and Clyde is a violent gangster film combining comedy, terror, love, and ferocious violence. The story talks about two gangsters, Bonnie Parker and Clyde Barrow. Bonnie Parker met Clyde Barrow when Clyde was trying to steal her mother’s car. Almost immediately, Bonnie abandons her dreams of becoming a movie star and takes off on a whirlwind tour of Depression-era Texas, where they become legendary bank robbers. As their fame grows, so does their gang with the addition of gas station attendant C. W. Moss and Clyde’s brother and sister-in-law. But with their growing notoriety as modern-day Robin Hoods and murderers comes the increasing threat of a fatal run-in with the law. After a heart-breaking visit with Bonnie’s family, in which she realises that she literally can’t go home again, they are caught in a series of ever-more-deadly ambushes that decimate the Barrow Gang and threaten to end the legend of Bonnie and Clyde. This film is based on the true event and people. Bonnie and Clyde were well-known outlaws, robbers, and criminals who travelled the Central United States with their gang during the Great Depression. Bonnie and Clyde became very popular among the society is because it depicts the story of Bonnie and Clyde’s rise and self-destructive fall as anti-authoritarian criminal gangsters. ‘Their targets are not the common people but the avaricious banks and the armies of police that protect types of the anti-establishment heroes who have become to dominate so many American films since, and they resonated perfectly with the revolutionary tenor of the late sixties. (Cook, 1981) The film, with many opposing moods and shifts in tone, is a cross between gangster film, tragic-romantic traditions, a road film and buddy film, and comedy. Furthermore, it ‘exemplified many of the characteristics of experimental film-making from the French New Wave movement. ’ (Dirks, 2003) In the meantime, the advertising poster proclaimed Bon nie and Clyde as â€Å"They’re young†¦they’re in love†¦and they kill people. † The film also depicts this two outlaw couples not just being killed at the end, but they were destroyed, because Bonnie and Clyde were shot tragically. Even today the sequence has an almost unbearable intensity because our dramatic identification with the characters is so complete. ’ (Cook, 1981) In the late 1960s, the film’s sympathetic, revolutionary characters and its social criticism appealed to anti-authority American youth who were part of the counter-cultural movement protesting the Vietnam War, the corrupt social order, and the U. S. government’s role. The outlaw couple’s robberies of banks, was viewed somewhat sympathetically by the rural dispossessed, during the time when the institutions were ‘robbing’ and ruining indebted. The robberies of the glamorous, thrill-seeking young couple – mostly innocent and minor at the beginning of their crime spree, unfortunately escalate into more violent and murderous escapades. ’ (Dirks, 2003) Pauline Kael, an American film critic, also appreciated the film and applauded the violence as central to its meaning. She says in her review: â€Å"It is a kind of violence that says something to us; it is something that artists must be free to use Will we, as some people have suggested, be lured into imitating the violent crimes of Clyde and Bonnie because Warren Beatty and Faye Dunaway are ‘glamorous’? It’s difficult to see how, since the characters they play are horrified by it and ultimately destroyed by it†¦Bonnie and Clyde needs violence, violence is its meaning. † (Harris, 2008) The impact of violence in the movie was confirmed by the ensuing successes of Badlands (1973). Badlands is also a movie about an outlaw couple which based on the Starkweather-Fugate killing spree of the 1958, starring a fifteen-year-old girl and her twenty-five-year-old boyfriend slaughtered her entire family and several others in the Dakota badlands. Easy Rider (1969) is also one of Bonnie and Clyde legacy. It talks about two countercultural bikers who travel from Los Angeles to New Orleans in search of America. The Wild Bunch (1969) adapted the violence in Bonnie and Clyde, depicted by an aging group of outlaws who look for one last big score as the ‘traditional’ American West is disappearing around them. Other than that, Thelma amp; Louise (1991) transformed ‘outlaw couple’ into two feminine, also known as Thelma and Louise. They both had a life and one day they decided to break out of their normal life and jump in the car and hit the road. Louise killed a man who threatens to rape Thelma during the journey, and soon they were hunted by the American police while they try to escape to Mexico. Without a doubt, Bonnie and Clyde is a great and important film after almost fifty years of release. It has been called ‘the first American film’ and ‘its influences can easily be traced into the future works of acclaimed directors like Terrence Malik, Martin Scorsese, Sam Peckinpah, and Quentin Tarantino. ’ (Koban, 2004) The film was able to make critics think twice, spark fashion trends, and start a new revolution within Hollywood. Along with many other anti-establishment movements, Bonnie and Clyde began an anti-establishment movement within the film industry. ‘The younger generation related to the deeper meaning of Bonnie and Clyde while the older generation rejected yet another attack on their traditional values and ideals. ’ (Emma, 2005) References Cook, D. A. , 1981. A history of narrative film. Norton, New York. Dirks, T. , 2003. Bonnie and Clyde (1967). URL http://www. filmsite. org/bonn. html (accessed 12. 4. 12). Emma, 2005. Bonnie and Clyde Paper | Emma’s History Portfolio. URL http://299history. umwblogs. org/history-portfolio/history-299/bonnie-and-clyde-paper/ (accessed 12. 5. 12). Harris, M. , 2008. Pictures at a revolution? : five movies and the birth of the new Hollywood. Penguin Press, New York. Koban, C. J. , 2004. BONNIE AND CLYDE. URL http://www. craigerscinemacorner. com/Reviews/bonnie_and_clyde. htm (accessed 12. 6. 12). Miller, F. , 2005. The Essentials Bonnie and Clyde Turner Classic Movies. URL http://www. tcm. com/this-month/article/24133|24134/The-Essentials-Bonnie-and-Clyde. html (accessed 12. 5. 12).

Monday, April 13, 2020

Sample Essays

Sample EssaysSample essays and sample literary analysis essays have become a common addition to the syllabus of many college and university courses. Some of the most common issues that appear in these essays are factual and critical thinking. However, they may also contain in-depth prose and complex analysis of literary works and the ideologies that have developed around them. In addition, these types of essays often include varied formats and styles.It should be understood that a typical essay is not structured like this. The essays contained in the sample essays are generally more structured, including logic, examples, and an outline or sub-section heading that provides additional information. For example, the first section of the sample essay can provide a synopsis of the entire story, a specific set of characters, and a synopsis of events occurring in the third act of the play.A sample of literary analysis essay that discusses a period or particular media often contains a specifi c text. For example, the sample essay may be a literary analysis of Shakespeare's tragedies that discuss the societal issues surrounding the characters and also the experiences that the characters go through.One of the biggest challenges for students preparing for the writing or analysis test is that they often take too much time reviewing their essay before they actually write it. In fact, it is often very difficult to find time during class to write something constructive. However, when students have their assignments out in the open, they are forced to create a stronger case for their argument. One way to do this is to prepare a sample essay to use as a reference or support for any particular argument they wish to make.The right documents are often not available to the student until after the test. If the student's grade is important, then it is crucial that they follow the proper format when they prepare samples of literary analysis essay for college admissions and/or for a test .The sample essays included in the sample essays are typically short and not necessarily longer than one page. Therefore, students may have an opportunity to devote more time reviewing their essay than if they were writing an essay on a topic that took longer. However, for a student who has yet to write a coherent thesis statement, it is likely that the literary analysis will be less relevant than it would have been to someone who had already written his or her thesis. Therefore, the sample essays in this genre should only be used as a resource for further research.Furthermore, because of the immense popularity of the sample essays, they are available online for free. In addition, many companies offer a variety of sample essays for free as part of the sales pitch. However, this does not mean that the samples are always accurate or reliable; students should never depend on the information provided by the samples without verifying the facts or checking out the company's reputation.

Thursday, March 5, 2020

Steps to Take to Get Into Law School

Steps to Take to Get Into Law School Getting into law school can feel like an overwhelming process, especially at the beginning. You might feel like youre looking at a mountain way too high to climb. But scaling a mountain begins with just one step, then another and another, and eventually, those steps take you to the top. Here are a few that will lead you to acceptance by a law school.   Difficulty: N/A Time Required: 4 years Heres How Go to college.All law schools require that entering students hold at least a bachelors degree. You should attend the best college you possible and achieve the highest grades possible. Your GPA will be one of the two most important factors in your application, but you dont have to major in prelaw.Choose your undergraduate major and courses  in areas in which you think youll excel. Lay out a  timeline for how you can best prepare for law school during your undergrad years.Take the LSAT.The second most important factor in your law school application is your LSAT score. If youre currently in college, the best times to take the LSAT are the summer after your junior year or the fall of your senior year. is the best time to take the LSAT. Take it the summer or fall before the fall during which you want to start law school if youve already graduated.Prepare well and be sure to read up on how schools handle multiple LSAT scores before you decide to retake the LSAT. You should also registe r with LSDAS at this time. Choose where youre going to apply.There are many factors you should consider when youre deciding where to apply to law school. Consider visiting schools that interest you and pay at least some attention to law school rankings.Write your personal statement.Your personal statement comes in third in importance behind your LSAT score and your GPA. Start by brainstorming with some writing prompts and get writing! Research some tips for writing a great personal statement, being sure to avoid certain topics and common mistakes.Finish your applications well in advance of the deadline.Make sure to ask for recommendations early enough that your referees have plenty of time to write outstanding letters. Also, write any additional statements you might need, such as a Why X Law School Statement and/or an addendum. Request transcripts and make sure everything the law schools want in your application files is in there well in advance of the deadline.After youve completed all the above steps in an orderly fashion, you can be confident that you have maximized your chances of getting into law school. Good luck! Tips Start preparing for applying to law schools as soon as youve decided to do so.Dont wait until the last minute to send in applications. Many schools have rolling admissions policies, which means they accept students throughout the admissions process.Have someone with a good eye for detail proofread your application packet, especially your personal statement.

Tuesday, February 18, 2020

Standards of care from a legal and a nursing perspective Essay

Standards of care from a legal and a nursing perspective - Essay Example The nurse is also expected to recognize adequately and report adverse cases or near misses and to take any possible actions that would minimize or prevent harm as a result of adverse events. As such, it is important for nurses to seek appropriate assistance where required and contribute to a supportive, safe and professional environment in their practice, in order to uphold client well-being and to uphold the trust of the public in the profession (Cartwright-Vanzant, 2011). The current professional environment is defined by increased competence resulting from the constant change in practice and technology. The new health care systems are undergoing constant evolution, and the consumers are looking for health care providers with high competences to handle their changing needs (Cartwright-Vanzant, 2011). Upon licensing of a nurse, they are viewed as having met the minimum competency levels. As such, various standards have been developed to ensure that such competency is enhanced throughout their practice. The nurses are thus left with the sole duty of expanding and enhancing their skills and knowledge in order to maintain a high level of competency equal to their role. It is for the nurse to take up responsibility for the personal knowledge and skills’ currency. Through evaluation of an individual nurse’s performance by other health professionals, a nurse’s responsibility to the society is upheld (Guido,

Monday, February 3, 2020

The Middle Eastern relations with world powers Essay

The Middle Eastern relations with world powers - Essay Example The relationship between the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and the United States of America begun nearly a century ago. This relationship is based on mutual respect and common interests – economic, political, technological and social. The Saudi-US friendship has been through numerous conflicts and crises, but, has grown from strength to strength. The origins of this relationship go back to the personal admiration King Abdulaziz bin Abdulrahman Al-Saud the Kingdom’s founder, held for President Woodrow Wilson. Oil has always been the major element of the Saudi-US relationship. The Kingdom supplies crude oil to the United States averaging 1.52 million barrels per day. Saudi Arabia received quite a number of US companies, which at first came to provide products and services for the oil industry but later entered into other ventures. When Saudi Arabia embarked on an ambitious development program in the industry, healthcare, education, and agriculture, it sought assistance from th e United States. U.S. experts and companies were closely involved in building up the Kingdom’s modern infrastructure, including schools, hospitals, roads, airports, seaports, industrial cities and telecommunications facilities. From that time, United States has partnered with Saudi Arabia in trade for more than fifty years. At present, America exports goods and services worth billions of dollars to the Kingdom, and Saudi Arabia in return exports a sizable portion of crude oil to the United States.... Oil has always been the major element of the Saudi-US relationship. The Kingdom supplies crude oil to the United States averaging 1.52 million barrels per day. Saudi Arabia received quite a number of US companies, which at first came to provide products and services for the oil industry but later entered into other ventures. When Saudi Arabia embarked on an ambitious development program in industry, health care, education and agriculture, it sought assistance from the United States. U.S. experts and companies were closely involved in building up the Kingdom’s modern infrastructure, including schools, hospitals, roads, airports, seaports, industrial cities and telecommunications facilities. From that time, United States has partnered with Saudi Arabia in trade for more than fifty years. At present, America exports goods and services worth billions of dollars to the Kingdom, and Saudi Arabia in return exports a sizable portion of crude oil to the United States. This commercial a nd economic association has resulted in rapid growth, in two way trade. It has increased from $56.2 million in 1950 to over $34 billion in 2005. Joint ventures between American and Saudi companies in fields such as energy, petrochemicals, manufacturing, finance and telecommunications have been formed. An example is Motiva, which is a joint venture involving Shell Oil Company and Saudi Refining Inc. It is one of the major refining and marketing companies in the United States. The US-Saudi relationship extends beyond oil, business and international politics to the people. Thousands of Americans live and work in Saudi Arabia. In turn, hundreds of

Sunday, January 26, 2020

Job Satisfaction Among Ghanaian Mental Health Nurses

Job Satisfaction Among Ghanaian Mental Health Nurses 1.1 Background Study The main objective of this research is to evaluate the attitudes of Ghanaian mental health nurses and the level of job satisfaction in the three government psychiatric hospitals in Ghana. It has been identified that most people who suffer from mental illness are always vulnerable and at high risk of suffering from stigmatisation and discrimination. Mental health professionals such as nurses are always in contact with patients and their attitudes towards these patients can play a major factor in their recovery. This aspect of study has been neglected especially in developing countries like Ghana. This study is to try as much as possible to find out how the nurses’ attitudes affect their patients and the role job satisfaction plays. Over the years mental health has changed in many faces including the establishment of mental institutions, which has also gone through several changes in different countries thereby drastically reducing the number of psychiatric admissions in general hospitals. However, it is important for one to know if these changes reflect the attitudes of people towards mental illness especially mental health nurses. The perception of mental illness plays a major role in the psychiatric medical profession which several disputes on what should be classified as pathological and which should be seen as normal. These disputes have several consequences on the diagnosis, research, and policies concerning psychiatry and may also have some form of bias on the selection of treatments and prognosis due to the widespread of unauthentic ascriptions of the causes of the illness (Wakefield, 2007). According to World Health Organisation (WHO), mental health is â€Å"a state of well-being in which the individual realises his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her community† (WHO 2001). There are several definitions by researchers on mental health, which is a fundamental aspect of well-being and quality of life and also a basic element of social structure, productivity, peace and stability in the environment (WHO, 2005). This definition by WHO stresses on the positive scopes of mental health and Shives (2008) also states that mental health is a positive state in which each and everybody is responsible, self-directive and displays self-awareness where ones behaviour is generally accepted within a group. However Bryne (2000) stated that multiple factors influence the level of mental health of person at any point in time and one of the major hindrances to the realisation of positive health and well being leads to stigma. Mental illness is a psychological response to stress that interferes with or inhibits a person’s ability to easily meet human needs and functions within a culture (NSW, Department of Health, 2007). Moreover, the American Psychiatric Association also defines mental illness as a â€Å"clinically significant behaviour and psychological syndrome or pattern that occurs in an individual associated with present distress, disability or loss of freedom† (Bryne, 2000). Mental illness is a major contributor to the burden of disease internationally, which has a major influence on the disability, co-morbidity, and mortality being experienced globally (CAMIMH 2007, Lauber Sartorius 2007). World Health Organisation (WHO) estimates that about 450million people will suffer from some form of mental disorder with 13% of the global disease burden being made of schizophrenia, depression, epilepsy, dementia, alcohol dependence, neurological and substance-abuse disorders which exceeds both cardiovascular disease and cancer (National Institute of Health) moreover people with mental illness are more likely to be at risk of other health conditions as well. It is estimated that at least one member in every four families has a mental disorder and the primary caregivers of those affected are the family members and this brings some form of burden to these families, which are mostly ignored (WHO, 2010). Depression is estimated to be the second highest cause of disease burden in middle-income countries and the third highest in low-income countries by 2030 (WHO, 2010). Moreover, in addition to the health and social cost, which is a problem, there is also the victimisation of human rights violation, stigmatisation and discrimination of people with mental illness, which occurs both inside, and outside of psychiatric institutions (WHO, 2010). According some researchers, people with mental illness are at increased risk of drifting into or remaining in poverty through increased health expenditure, reduced stigma and loss of employment and associated earnings (Lund et al, 2911). This puts lots of pressure on people with mental illness and their families especially in low income or developing countries where it is more stressful (NSW, Department of Health, 2007). People diagnosed with mental illness are looked at differently in the world as compared to people who are diagnosed with general health problems. Thus most people have the impression that mental illness patients are strange, frightening, unpredictable, aggressive and lack self-control especially those diagnosed with mental disorders such as schizophrenia which is always associated with negative stereotypes of being very aggressive and dangerous (Crisp et al, 2000). Individuals suffering from mental illness for some time now have been at a higher risk of experiencing prejudice and discrimination and most of these prejudice leads to stigmatisation even within health institutions (Linden and Kavanagh, 2011). Prejudice can be said to be an emotional response to stereotypes which is tolerated where stereotypes are mostly unfavourable intercessions used to describe a group or persons based on their merits thus leading to discrimination which is the real behaviour based on prejudice (Lauber et al, 2006). Stigma and prejudice mostly play a basic role in the abuse of human right, which is sadly still being practiced, in some psychiatric institutions and care homes and remain the basis of mental health organisations in some developing countries in the world. Goffman (1963) cited in (Newton-Howes et al, 2008) describes stigma as a mark of shame or dishonour which can have a negative self esteem and appraisal on a the person thereby becoming a hindrance to recovery, moreover Gray (2002) also stated that, stigma was originally used to mark Greek slaves separating them from men. The stigma of mental illness although more often is related to context than to person’s appearance, still remains a powerful negative attribute in all social relations (Bryne, 2000) and the stigma of mental illness comes from the possession of a devalued attribute of an individual which is seen by society as a hostile response (Goffman, 1963) cited in (Newton-Howes et al, 2008). World Health Organisation (2011) states that stigmatisation of mentally ill patients by the healthcare providers is the worst form of stigma which affects the quality and rate of recovery. There are several evidence from other studies conducted by researchers from other populations which proves that stigma can sometimes been seen to pervade professional groups including mental health nurses. Research by Read and Harre (2001), found that negative attitudes are mostly displayed by mental health nurses towards patients who are disturbed which is mostly present in the patients at acute level of their illness. Health professionals mostly come into contact with people with mental illness regularly and they play an important role in shaping attitudes towards mental ill people. Moreover, these health professionals serve as a role model on how to approach people with mental illness however Schulze (2007), states that healthcare professionals have been identified to assume three main positions when it comes to stigmatisation and these include people with mental illness being stigmatised, they being stigmatised by their own association with mental illness and finally playing the role of advocator’s or de-stigmatises. Stigma affects the progression and healing of people with mental illness according to Perlick et al, (2001) and the loss of income, low self-esteem, loneliness, isolation, delayed seeking of treatment and many more are the results of stigma and discrimination towards people with mental illness (Sharac et al, 2010; illac et al, 2011). Creating major campaign of the awareness of stigmatising attitudes will support healthcare workers to be more reflective in the treatment methods towards people with mental illness. Sartorius (2007) stated that, people who suffer from mental illness do not frequently pursue treatment due to the fact that healthcare professionals including nurses are considered prime contributors of stigma and discrimination. Some staff who have been given special training in taking care of people with mental illness do hold negative stigmatising attitudes towards their patients as well which proves that stigma is not only held by individuals with lack of knowledge about mental illness even though educational intervention can help reduce its effect in the community or country as a whole (Burti and Mosher, 2003; Pinfold et al, 2003). Mental health services in Ghana are not well recognised as there are lots of inequalities in the provision of resources for this sector as compared to the needs of the general hospitals. Moreover there is still lack of knowledge about mental illness, which is a major contributor of stigma towards people affected with mental illness and the healthcare professionals who even take care of them. The population of Ghana has increased extremely since the country’s independence from 1957 resulting in the growing number of people suffering from mental illness (Ghana Statistical Service, 2003). Mental health service in Ghana is mostly available in primary health care yet the majority of care is provided through specialised psychiatric hospitals of which there are three (3) all located in the southern part of the country providing 7.08beds per 100,000 populations (Ghana Health Service, 2012). The WHO estimates that out of the 21.6 million Ghanaians, about 650, 000 are believed to be suffering from some form of severe mental disorder and 2,166, 000 are suffering from moderate to mild form of mental illness (WHO, 2007). Nevertheless, this estimate has not been recognised as a serious health issues and Ghana has not yet developed facilities and public health services including mental health care to keep up with the growing demand of these services and population expansion (Offori-Attah et al. 2010). According to the WHO Atlas Survey about 65% of beds in the psychiatric hospitals, are extremely unsatisfactory. The ratio of these beds in Accra the capital city of Ghana is 6.21:1 thus the total number of beds to the rest of the country indicating a high intensity of resources in the capital (Ofori-Atta et al, 2010). WHO has also reported that most psychiatric hospitals have scarce, undignified, and even harmful practices as well as unhygienic and inhuman living conditions (WHO, 2003). The main focus of psychiatric care today in the world is mainly on a number of key conditions such tolerance and non-discrimination being one of the most important aspect (Hannigan, 1999). Inadequate knowledge about mental illness and negative attitudes mostly towards individuals suffering from mental illness has been noted to be prevalent in the general public (Nordt, Rossler and Luber, 2006) thus most major research of attitudes towards people with mental illness has been mainly focused on the general public with the opinions of professionals who come into contact with the mentally ill specifically mental health workers recently being highlighted (Angermeyer Dietrich, 2006). Numerous challenges faced by mental health institutions such as lack of resources, increased work load and shortage of staffs put lots of burden on the nurses which negatively affects the quality of nursing care given to these patients therefore positive changes in mental health services will go a long way to impact on the role and practice of mental health nursing (Cleary, Walter and Hunt, 2005). Low job satisfaction plays a major role in the outcome of patients’ care and there have been lack of research in the country concerning this. Job satisfaction of healthcare professionals is a very important aspect that should not be neglected as it can affect the outcome of care given to these patients. Moreover, there are lots of evidence gaps in the country concerning mental health issues and that is the why it is important to conduct this research in order to fill some of these gaps. Job satisfaction is a complex situation, which can be construed, and it involves the absence of pain, oppressiveness and intolerance as well as enjoyment (Sultana and Begum, 2001). Studies on job satisfaction are mostly based on fountains of emotional response of the employees which is linked with some socio-cultural institutions and the personal elements such as pay, promotion, supervision, benefits, nature of work, co-workers, working condition, social status and many more (Sultana and Begum, 2001). 1.2 RATIONALE Research fills a very important aspect in the society where discoveries are made as well as confirming or rejecting ideas, controlling or predicting events and developing or refining theories. Thus one develops knowledge as a result of these functions from research. It is unsurprising that human right abuse is mostly related to the poor standard of mental health care in low-income countries such as Ghana and the need for ways to restraint is the most obvious choice for healthcare professionals in the absence of neuroleptics (Read, Adiibokah and Nyame, 2009). Studying the attitudes of healthcare professionals especially in the field of mental illness is important. According to Baker et al (2005), attitudes are made of cognitive, affective, and behavioural components, which are activated due to exposure of stimulus or objects. Moreover, the quality of nursing care provided by mental health professionals can be influenced by the attitudes of the nurses towards these patients (Baker, 2008). There have been several campaigns to change negative attitudes and promote positive attitudes towards mental health problems by some countries, which include the United States, New Zealand, United Kingdom, and India (Royal College of Psychiatrist (2001) and World Psychiatrist Association (2001). Ghana health service (GHS) is the main provider of biomedical care for mental illness in the country however there are just three government psychiatric hospitals in the country providing free healthcare for patients which are all located in the south of the country serving over 21million Ghanaians. All three hospitals have suffered from lack of resources to overcrowding with the end results being poor quality of healthcare. The status of mental health nurses in some communities is low and the advantage of being part of this profession has been dent with some form of stigma such as stigma by association or courtesy stigma (Hinshaw 2007, Thornicroft 2007, Halter 2008) whereby professionals associated with the care of people suffering from mental illness are judged by the same stereotyping stigma. It is therefore very important to explore the theoretical relationship between job satisfaction and professionals stigma towards mental illness. The focus of this study is to address some of the gaps in mental health concerning stigma and job satisfaction mental health nurses are facing in Ghana. The findings of this study will be a stepping stone to address issues that will come out as a result of the study or re-enforce any positive findings as well. The outcomes of this study may allow a greater understanding of how these attitudes are connected and the realistic outcomes can help to the strategize anti-stigma campaigns such as identifying shortfalls of certain groups or identifying logical way 1.3 RESEARCH QUESTION To what extent do mental health nurses in Ghana stigmatise people with mental illness? What personal and professional background factors (including job satisfaction) explain the attitudes that Ghanaian mental health nurses have towards mental illness? What characteristics are associated with nurses’ attitudes towards mental illness? What is the rate of job satisfaction in mental health nursing and does it affect the care patients receive? 1.4 OBJECTIVES The main objective of this research is to evaluate the attitudes of psychiatric nurses in Ghana towards the care of mentally ill patients. The specific objectives are as follow: To identify the relationship and levels of job satisfaction and stigma towards psychiatric patients among Ghanaian mental health nurses. To determine prevalence of stigma among mental health nurses in Ghana. To explore the rate of job satisfaction in mental health nursing and the impact it has on the attitudes of nursing providing care for patients. To examine the characteristics associated with the attitudes on mental health nurses in Ghana. To disseminate findings to increase awareness and knowledge among healthcare professionals’ especially mental health nurses. The findings of this study will be used to: Develop programs and strategies to reduce stigma. Help create awareness of stigma in healthcare professionals. Develop policies to reduce stress in the hospitals. Suggest improvements/amendments to existing mental health policies. 1.5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS The following research hypothesis was formulated for testing: the researcher hypothesised that the more psychiatric nurses are satisfied with their job, the more they will exhibit positive attitude towards mental ill patients. The researcher also hypothesise that the more psychiatric nurses are stigmatised about their job, the quality of care they provide will be less and they will exhibit negative attitudes towards their patients